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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0114, entry 5
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EDDA, u, f. a great-grandmother, Rm. 2. 4; móðir (mother) heitir ok amma (grandmother), þriðja edda (the third is edda), Edda 108: this sense is obsolete. II. metaph. the name of the book Edda, written by Snorri Sturluson, and containing old mythological lore and the old artificial rules for verse making. The ancients only applied this name to the work of Snorri; it is uncertain whether he himself called it so; it occurs for the first time in the inscription to one of the MSS. of Edda, vi/, . the Ub., written about fifty or sixty years after Snorri's death: Bók þessi heitir Edda, hann hefir saman setta Snorri Sturlusonr eptir þeim hætti sem her er skipat (vi'/, . consisting of three parts, Gylfagynning, Skáldskaparmál, and Háttatal), Edda ii. 250 (Ed. Arna-Magn.); sva segir i bók þeirri er Edda heitir, at sá maðr sem Ægir hot spurði Braga ... . 532 (MS. of the 14111 century); hann (viz. Snorri) samansetti Eddu, he put together the Edda, Ann. 1241 (in a paper MS., but probably genuine). As the Skáldskaparmál (Ars Poe'tica) forms the chief part of the Edda, teaching the old artificial poetical circumlocutions (kenningar), poetical terms and diction, and the mythical tales on which they were founded, the Edda became a sort of handbook of poets, and therefore' came gradually to mean the ancient artificial poetry as opposed to the modern plain poetry contained in hymns and sacred poems; it, however, never applies to alliteration or other principles of Icel. poetry: reglur Edda, the rules of Edda, Gd. (by Arngrim) verse 2, Lil. 96, Nikulas d. 4; Eddu list, the art of Edda, (id. (by Arni) 79; -- all poems of the 141)1 century. The poets of the 15th century frequently mention the Edda in the intro- duction to their Rimur or Rhapsodies, a favourite kind of poetry of this and the following time, Reinalds R. i. I, Áns R. 7. 2, Sturlaugs R., Sigurðar þögla R. 5. 4, Rimur af 111 Verra og Vest, 4, 3, Jarlmanns R.


Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0770, entry 24
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edda, 1. 7 from bottom, for ' Edda' re a d ' Eddu'


Source: Torp, page b0002, entry 9
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aiþî(n) f. Mutter. g. aiþei f. Mutter. Vgl. an. edda Großmutter (aus aiþiþôn?); ahd. (fuotar)eidî, mhd. eide Mutter. Lallwort. Vgl. ir. aite Vater.

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Cultural category
       • Semantic category: Family

Source: Torp, page b0557, entry 3
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aîþî(n): an. edda ist kaum germ. *aiþiþôn, sondern es hat hypokoristische Konsonantenverdoppelung.

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Source: Torp, page b0573, entry 5
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(skru) 3. schreien. an. skraumi = hraumi ein Schreier (Edda): ags. hréam Geschrei. Hierzu auch nnd. schrauen und schraulen schreien, nnorw. skryla und ryla. Wz. skyu, hru, verwandt mit skrut, hrut.

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Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0561, entry 18
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hringed-stefna, an; m. A ship having its stern adorned with spiral or ring-shaped ornaments [?], or furnished with a ring or hook; or having a curved stern, Beo. Th. 64; B. 32: 3799; B. 1898: 2266; B. 1132. [Cf. wunden-stefna; hring-naca; and Icel. hring-horni the mythol. ship of the Edda.]


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0586, entry 10
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ides, e; f. A woman [it is a word little used except in poetry, and it is supposed by Grimm to have been applied, in the earliest times, like the Greek &upsilon-tonos;, to superhuman beings, occupying a position between goddesses and mere women, v. D. M. 372] :-- Ides virgo, Kent. Gl. 1196. Freólecu mæg ides w scmód [Eve], Cd. 42; Th. 55, 18; Gen. 896. Freólecu mæg ides eaforan fédde [Cain's wife], 50 ; Th. 64, 22; Gen.1054. Wlitebeorht ides [Sarah], 82; Th. 103, 34; Gen. 1728. Monig bláchleór ides [the women of Sodom and Gomorrah], 92; Th. 118, 24; Gen. 1970. Freólecu mæg ides egyptisc [Hagar], 101; Th. 134, 19; Gen. 2227. Ides ælfscínu [Judith]. Judth. 9; Thw. 21, 11; Jud. 14. Ides Helminga beághroden cwén [Wealtheow, Hrothgar's queen], Beo. Th. 1245 ; B. 620. Ides Scyldinga, 2341; B. 1168. Idese onlícnes a woman's form, 2706 ; B. 1351. Him brýda twá idesa eaforan féddon [Lamech's wives], Cd. 52; Th. 65, 34; Gen. 1076. Weras and idesa, Exon. 50 b; Th. 176, 7; Gú. 1205. Eorlas and hira idesa mid, Andr. Kmbl. 3275 ; An. 1640. A weak form occurs in Hpt. Gl. 456, 76 :-- Tó, on ydesan in juvenculam. [O. Sax. idis : O. H. Ger. itis matrona; itis-líh matronalis, Grff. i. 159. Grimm D. M. 373 takes the Icel. dis to be the same word, and compares the phrase from the Edda dis skjöldunga with the similar phrase given above from Beowulf.]


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0685, entry 9
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middan-geard, es; m. I. the middle dwelling (between heaven and hell), the earth, world :-- Middangeard chosmos, Wrt. Voc. ii. 16, 36. Se læssa middangeard microchosmos, 56, 22. On Godes onwealde is eal ðes middangeard, and ðás windas and ðás regnas syndon ealle his, and ealle gesceafta syndon his, Blickl. Homl. 51, 19. Ðes middangeard wæs tó ðon fæger, ðæt hé teáh men tó him þurh his wlite, 115, 10. Ðes middangeard daga gehwylce fealleþ and tó ende éfsteþ, 59, 26: Exon. 77 a; Th. 290; Wand. 62. Cwealmdreóre swealh middangeard earth drank gore, Cd. 47; Th. 60, 23; Gen. 986. Gefylled wearþ eall ðes middangeard monna bearnum, 75; Th. 93, 30; Gen. 1554. Beofaþ middangeard, hrúse under hæleþum, Exon. 20 b; Th. 55, 12; Cri. 882. Ealne ðisne ymbhwyrft ðises middangeardes swá swá Oceanus útan ymbligeþ orbem totius terrae, Oceani limbo circumseptum, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 8, 1. Middangeardes, eorþan sceátta, Beo. Th. 1507; B. 751. Ríce middangeardes ðr nó men búgaþ hunc orbem, mors ubi regna tenet, Exon. 58 a; Th. 208, 17; Ph. 157. Rícsian on ðiosan middangearde, Ors. 1, 2, tit.; Swt. 1, 4. Seó ród biþ árred on ðæt gewrixle ðara tungla, seó nú on middangearde áwergede gástas flémeþ, Blickl. Homl. 91, 24. Ðæt nre nfre nnig tó ðæs hálig mon on ðissum middangearde, ne furþum nnig on heofenum, 117, 26. Swá hwr swá ðys godspel byþ gebodud on eallum myddangearde (in toto mundo), Mt. Kmbl. A. 26, 13. Geond ealne middangeard, Blickl. Homl. 69, 19. Ðá ic wíde gefrægn weorc gebannan manigre mgþe geond ðisne middangeard, Beo. Th. 151; B. 75: Exon. 33 a; Th. 104, 1; Gú. 1: 95 b; Th. 355, 37; Pa. 1. God ðysne middangeard tócleófeþ, Blickl. Homl. 109, 35: Andr. Kmbl. 322; An. 161. II. the world and they that dwell therein, mankind :-- Se middangeard ús wæs lange underþeóded, and ús deáþ mycel gafol geald, Blickl. Homl. 85, 11. Him æteówde eal eorþan ríce and ídel wuldor ðisses middangeardes, 27, 17: 65, 15. Líf ðysses middangeardes this present life, 59, 27. Gé synt middaneardes (-geardes, MS. A.) leóht vos estis lux mundi, Mt. Kmbl. 5, 14. Ða hwatestan men ealles ðises middangeardes, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 48, 6. Hú geslig seó forme eld wæs ðises middangeardes, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 3. Heofones waldend, ealles waldend middangeardes, Exon. 16 a; Th. 35, 12; Cri. 557: 65 b; Th. 241, 32; Ph. 665: Andr. Kmbl. 453; An. 227. Middangeardes weard (Nebuchadnezzar), Cd. 205; Th. 253, 17; Dan. 597. Gecýþ nú middangearde blisse, Blickl. Homl. 87, 24. Hé getácnaþ ðysne middangeard, se wæs synna and mána full, 75, 5. Hé com on ðære syxtan ylde on ðysne middangeard mancyn tó álýsenne, 71, 26: Homl. Th. i. 62, 11. [Goth. midjun-gards o&iota-tonos;o&epsilon-tonos;: O. H. Ger. mittan-, mittin-gart: cf. myddellyard the world, Chest. Plays 1, 67: O. Sax. middel-gard: O. H. Ger. mittil-gart orbis: Icel. mið-garðr. 'The Icel. Edda has preserved the true mythical bearing of the word.-The earth (miðgarð), the abode of men, is seated in the middle of the universe, bordered by mountains and surrounded by the great sea (úthaf); on the other side of this sea is the Út-garð, the abode of giants; the Miðgarð is defended by the Ás-garð (the burgh of the gods), lying in the middle (the heaven being conceived as rising above the earth). Thus the earth and mankind are represented as a stronghold besieged by the powers of evil from without, defended by the gods from above and from within.'-Cl. and Vig. Dict. s.v. See also Grmm. D. M. 754.] v. middan-eard.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0826, entry 4
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sceát, es; m. I. a corner, an angle (v. -scíte); applied to the earth or heaven, corner, quarter (cf. the Edda: Þeir görðu þar af himinn ok settu hann yfir jörðina með fjórum skautum. Hence himin-skaut the four quarters of the heavens; heims-skaut the poles):--Ðá wæs heora lár sáwen and strogden betuh feówer sceátum middangeardes, Blickl. Homl. 133, 33. From feówerum foldan sceátum ðám ýtemestum eorþan ríces englas bláwaþ býman, Exon. Th. 55, 6; Cri. 879. Lege on ða feówer sceáttas ðæs ærnes lay at the four corners of the house, Lchdm. ii. 142, 11. II. a projection, promontory (cf. sceáta):--Bætweónæ ða twægen brÍmfeldas andlang ðæs alarsceátæs (along the alder-covered piece of land which thrusts itself out into the fields) on ðonæ fúlan bróc, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 84, 12. III. a nook, corner, region (in the phrases eorþan, foldan sceát):--Is feor heonan eástdlum on æþelast londa . . . nis se foldan sceát mongum gefére est locus in primo felix oriente remotus, Exon. Th. 198, 1; Ph. 3. Sceal fromcynne folde ðíne síd land manig geseted wurðan eorþan sceátas with thine offspring shall earth be settled, many a wide land, earth's regions, Cd. Th. 133, 5 ; Gen. 2206. Foldan sceátas (sceáttas, MS.), 204, 33; Exod. 428. Ic ne wát hwr mín bróþor on wera htum eorþan sceáta eardian sceal I know not in what corner of earth my brother must dwell, Exon. Th. 496, 23; Rä. 85, 19. Hé ne métte middangeardes, eorþan sceáta (sceatta, MS.) mundgripe máran, Beo. Th. 1508; B. 752. Fyllaþ eówre fromcynne foldan sceátas, Cd. Th. 92, 26; Gen. 1534: 247, 25; Dan. 502. Drihten háteþ héhenglas béman bláwan ofer burga geseotu geond foldan sceátas, 302, 21; Sat. 603: Exon. Th. 445, 20; Dóm. 10. Faraþ geond ealle eorþan sceátas. Andr. Kmbl. 664; An. 332: Exon. Th. 309, 22; Seef. 61. Hé ne mæg ðone (hlísan) tóbrédan ofer ðás nearowan eorþan sceátas (cf. tóbrdan ofer ða nearwan eorþan áne. Bt. 19; Fox 68, 25), Met. 10, 17. IV. a lap, bosom:--Gif ðæs módes forhæfdnes mid ungeþylðe ne áscóke ða sibbe of ðæm sceáte ðære smyltnesse nisi mentes abstinentium impatientia a sinu tranquillitatis excuteret, Past. 43, 3; Swt. 311, 15. Of midum sceáte (sinu) ðínum, Ps. Surt. 73, 11. Of his ðæm fæderlícan sceáte, Blickl. Homl. 5, 15. Gyld gramhýdigum on sceát hiora (in sinu eorum). Ps. Th. 78, 13. Ne mæg hé sceát áfyllan non implevit sinum suum, 128, 5. Gripon unfægre under sceát werum scearpe gáras sharp spears fixed cruel fangs within the breasts of men, Cd. Th. 124, 17; Gen. 2064. In sceát álegd bewedded befest desponsata (cf. gesceátwyrpe despondi, Wrt. Voc. ii. 25, 72, and Icel. bera, leiða á skaut of the ceremony which was a recognition of a child's legitimacy or of a person's adoption, v. Cl. and Vig. Dict. skaut, 3, and Grmm. R. A. p. 160), Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 1, 18. Gif hió óðrum mæn in sceát bewyddod sí if she be betrothed to another man, L. Ethb. 83; Th. i. 24, 5. IV a. the bosom, surface of the earth:--On ðone sélestan foldan sceátes (Thorpe would read sceáta, cf. III) ðone fira bearn nemnaþ neorxna wong in the fairest part of earth's surface, which the children of men call Paradise, Exon. Th. 225, 28; Ph. 396. Geond eorþan sceát over earth's surface, 331, 8; Vy. 65. Ic wát ðætte wile woruldmen tweógan geond foldan sceát búton feá áne (cf. went fulneáh eall moncyn on tweónunga, Bt. 4; Fox 8, 18), Met. 4, 52. Sió forme eld geond eorþan sceát (cf. seó forme eld ðises middangeardes, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 3), 8, 5. Ofer foldan sceát, Exon. Th. 428, 22; Rä. 42, 5. Ofer ealne foldan sceát, 5, 21; Cri. 72. Deófol gefeallaþ in sweartne lég under foldan sceát, 94, 2; Cri. 1534. V. a bay; sinus:--Wæs hé besenced on sumne ss sceát demersus est in sinu maris, Bd. 1, 33; S. 499, 6. VI. a garment:--Sceát vel heortes hýd nebris, Wrt. Voc. i. 26, 26. Ðá ástód hé semninga and getogene ðý wpne under his sceáte rsde on ðone cyning (cf. Icel. hann hafði und skauti sér leyniliga handöxi) exsurrexit repente, et evaginata sub vests sica, impetum fecit in regem, Bd. 2, 9; S. 511, 21: Exon. Th. 431, 3; Rä. 45, 2: 391, 18; Rä. 10, 7. VII. a cloth, napkin:--Sceát manuterium vel mantele, Wrt. Voc. i. 82, 38: ma[n]tile, 290, 72: ii. 56, 48: gausape, 41, 13. Ealle neádbehéfe þing, ðæt is. . . ndl sceát weaxbreda omnia necessaria, id est . . . acus, mappula, tabule, R. Ben. 92, 3. Ðæt hé Godes gifa ne becnytte on ðæm sceáte his slwþe. Past. 9; Swt. 59, 16. Nam ðre moldan sumne dl, gebond on his sceáte (inligans in linteo). . . Áhéng hé ðone sceát (linteolum) on áne studu. Bd. 3, 10; S. 534, 24-29. Seóþ eft mid sceáte óðres godwebbes, Lchdm. i. 332, 5. VII a. with the idea of concealment, cloak, fold:--Ne mágon gé ða word geséðan ðe gé hwíle nú on unriht wrigon under womma sceátum, Elen. Kmbl. 1162; El. 583. [Goth. skauts; m. the hem of a garment, skirt: O. Frs. skát, skirt: O. H. Ger. scóz; m. f. gremium, sinus; scóza; f gremium, sinus, lacinia: Icel. skaut; n.] v. beód-, feder-, grund-, weofod-sceát, sceáta, scíte.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0831, entry 15
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scild-burh; f. I. a battle-array in which men stood shield to shield [cf. the account of the battle of Stamford-bridge: 'Siðan fylkti Haraldr Konungr liði sínu, lét fylkingina langa ok ekki þykka ; þá teygði hann armana aptr á bak, svá at saman tóku, var þat þá víðr hringr, ok þykkr ok jafn öllum megin útan, skjöldr við skjöld.' Saga Haralds Harðráða, c. 92. When this arrangement is abandoned, they are said 'bregða skjaldborginni,' c. 95] :-- Wearð scyldburh tóbrocen, Byrht. Th. 138, 56 : By. 242. Hæleþ higerófe scildburh scron, Judth. Thw. 26, 2 ; Jud. 305. II. a city which affords protection, a city of refuge. v. scild, II :-- Sóðfæste men in heora fæder ríce scínaþ in sceldbyrig (heaven), Cd. Th. 283, 23; Sat. 309. Grimm would translate the word here by 'aula clypeis tecta,' and compares it with the description of Valhalla in the Edda, 'skjöldum þökt, lagt gyltum skjöldum, svá sem spánþak,' D. M. 662. [O. H. Ger. scilt-burg testudo.]


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